1. 定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。

2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：

        (1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).

        (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).

         there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語(yǔ)是某人或某物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be要與主語(yǔ)（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。

eg.  ① There is a bird in the tree.   樹上有一只鳥。

        ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。

        ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。

3.  There be句型與have的區(qū)別：

        (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。   eg.

        ①He has two sons.   他有兩個(gè)兒子。

        ②There are two men in the office.    辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。

        (2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。

eg.   A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.  一個(gè)星期有七天。

    變臉一：否定句

    There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如：

    There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

    There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

    變臉二：一般疑問(wèn)句

    There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可，此為\"調(diào)整法\"。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。看看下面兩句是如何\"改頭換面\"的吧：

    There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?

    There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

    變臉三：特殊疑問(wèn)句

    There be句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化：

    ① 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用\"Who\'s+介詞短語(yǔ)?\"；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用\"What\'s + 介詞短語(yǔ)?\"。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如：

    There are many things over there. →What's over there?

    There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

    ② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語(yǔ)?\"啦！例如：

    There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

    There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?

    ③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

    How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)？

    How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)？

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