新一輪中考復(fù)習(xí)備考周期正式開(kāi)始,中考網(wǎng)為各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考學(xué)科的知識(shí)點(diǎn),主要是對(duì)初中三年各學(xué)科知識(shí)點(diǎn)的梳理和細(xì)化,幫助各位考生理清知識(shí)脈絡(luò),熟悉答題思路,希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)!下面是《2018初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之主謂語(yǔ)法一致的原則》,僅供參考!
謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配,須和主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致,這叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三條原則:語(yǔ)法一致原則,意義一致原則和就近一致原則。
1. 語(yǔ)法一致的原則
。1)以單數(shù)名詞或代詞,動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù);主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù),例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and連接的并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
。3)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)之前如果分別由each, every修飾時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
。4)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí),盡管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介詞短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
。5) 一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用單數(shù)。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
。7)有兩部分構(gòu)成的物體的名詞,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果這類(lèi)名詞前用了a pair of等,則往往用作單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式往往取決于pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
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