新一輪中考復(fù)習(xí)備考周期正式開始,中考網(wǎng)為各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考學(xué)科的知識點(diǎn),主要是對初中三年各學(xué)科知識點(diǎn)的梳理和細(xì)化,幫助各位考生理清知識脈絡(luò),熟悉答題思路,希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績!下面是《2018初中英語語法之一般現(xiàn)在時》,僅供參考!
一般現(xiàn)在時是英語中應(yīng)用最廣泛的時態(tài)之一,是中考復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。它表示:
(1)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now.
。2)表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.
(3)表示客觀真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.
其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語序,即“主語+謂語+其它”,有時為了起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,時間狀語也可提前.其句式變化可分為兩種情況 :
。1)表示動作,一般人稱作主語的,變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞don’t;變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?
。2) 單三人稱做主語的,變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞doesn’t;變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞does。E.g. Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesn’t speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well?
含有be動詞的要在be上做變化. E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good student. Is Danny a good student?
其時間狀語為often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等頻率副詞,on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。
做題時常見錯誤如下:
一、be動詞與行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在句子中
例:We are plant the trees in spring.
答案:plant
解析:學(xué)生往往會用漢語的思維方式去翻譯,就成了“我們是在春天植樹”。這是學(xué)習(xí)英語最忌諱的,要看語法是不是正確,在英語中,be是表狀態(tài),do是表動作,兩種動詞不能同時出現(xiàn)在句子中,可記住如下口訣:“英漢語言有差異,be 、do不能放一起,仔細(xì)琢磨細(xì)分析,語法千萬要牢記。”
專項(xiàng)練習(xí):
一、 單選
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work works B works work C work are working D is working work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have B there is C there are D has
3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain
4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets
5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen
6 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study B studies C study D studied
答案:1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B
二、填空
1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.
2 _____your sister_____(know)English?
3 Her home____ _____ ______(遠(yuǎn)離 )her school.
4 The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.
5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?
6 Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?
7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?
8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .
答案:1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look
5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play
二、單三人稱形式易出錯
例:1 He plaies football very well.
2 Danny gos to school at 7:10.
答案:1 plays 2 goes
解析:1以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞變單三人稱形式才能把y換成i再加es;
2與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不同,變單三人稱形式以o結(jié)尾的詞要加es.
三、在句式變換時易出錯
例:1 Does Jenny has a good friend?
2 Brian doesn’t lives in China.
答案:1 Does have 2 doesn’t live
解析:單三人稱做主語的一般現(xiàn)在時做句式變化時,可記住如下口訣:“見助動,用原形”。此口訣也可推廣用于一般過去時態(tài)中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.
四、對do的理解易出錯
例:We don’t our homework in the afternoon.
答案:don’t do
解析:do是一個比較難理解的詞,它有三個含義:
(a)是所有行為動詞的總稱;
(b)是助動詞,無實(shí)義;
。╟)是一個具體的行為動詞“做,干”。此句中給出的do指“做”,not指把此句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌薯氃赿o前加助動詞don’t。
五、對主語的數(shù)判斷有誤
例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.
答案: is
解析:表面一看是“我和李明兩個人在北京”,但with在此做伴隨狀語,不能做主語,故用is.
另外,賓語從句中,從句部分若是表示客觀真理,不管主句是何時態(tài),從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時;在時間和條件狀語從句中,主句表將來,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。
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