新一輪中考復(fù)習(xí)備考周期正式開(kāi)始，中考網(wǎng)為各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考學(xué)科的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，主要是對(duì)初中三年各學(xué)科知識(shí)點(diǎn)的梳理和細(xì)化，幫助各位考生理清知識(shí)脈絡(luò)，熟悉答題思路，希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)！下面是《2018初中英語(yǔ)詞匯之常用短語(yǔ)精講之三》，僅供參考！
(1) to pick out (2)to take one’s time (3)to talk over (4)to lie down
(5)to stand up (6)to sit down (7)all day long (8)by oneself (9)on purpose
(10)to get along (11)to make no difference (12)to take out
1. to pick out : (to choose, select)
【說(shuō)明：】to pick out (挑選，揀選)多指購(gòu)物時(shí)的挑選而言。out 用作副詞，形容及物動(dòng)詞pick.
【例：】(1) I want to pick out some new ties to give as Christmas presents to my friends.
我要選些新領(lǐng)帶，送給我的朋友們作為圣誕禮物。
(2) which book did you pick out to send to Helen?
你挑選了那一本書(shū)給海倫呢?
2.to take one’s time : (to work or go leisurely, not to hurry)
【說(shuō)明：】to take one’s time(從容不迫，慢慢來(lái))指有足夠的時(shí)間，盡可慢慢的去做，time的后面可以跟現(xiàn)在分詞，如例一中的doing,作為主詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ);也可以跟in,接著用一名詞或動(dòng)名詞作為in的受詞如例二。
【例：】(1) there is no hurry. You can take your time doing that work.
不要忙，你可以慢慢地去做那個(gè)工作。
(2) william never works rapidly. He always takes his time in everything that he does.
威廉做事從來(lái)不匆忙，他總是從從容容地做每一件事。
3.to talk over : (to discuss. Consider)
【說(shuō)明：】to talk over(講座，商量)指講座、會(huì)商尚未實(shí)施的計(jì)劃或問(wèn)題，或以商談?wù)f服，使別人贊成自己的計(jì)劃。后面的受詞如果是名詞，應(yīng)放在over之后，如果是代名詞，則放在over之前，如My husband talked me over. (我的丈夫說(shuō)服了我。)
【例：】(1) We talked over Mr. Reese’s plan but could not come to a decision.
我們討論過(guò)李斯先生的計(jì)劃，可是尚未獲得結(jié)論。
(2) With whom did you talk over your plan to buy a new car?
你跟誰(shuí)討論你買(mǎi)新車(chē)的計(jì)劃呢?
4.to lie down : (to recline, take a lying position)
【說(shuō)明：】to lie down(躺下，橫臥)指躺在床上或睡椅上休息而言。Lie是不及物動(dòng)詞，down是副詞。
【例：】(1) If you are tired, why don’t you lie down for an hour or so?
如果你累了，你為什么不躺下來(lái)休息一小時(shí)呢?
(2) The doctor says that Grace must lie down and rest for an hour every afternoon.
醫(yī)生說(shuō)葛麗斯每天下午必須躺下來(lái)休息一小時(shí)。
5.to stand up : (to rise, take an upright or standing position after being seated)
【說(shuō)明：】to stand up(起立)指從坐下的姿勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)取直立或站著的姿勢(shì)而言。
【例：】(1) When the President entered, everyone in the room stood up.
總統(tǒng)進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，室內(nèi)每個(gè)人起立。
(2) When the “Star - Spangled Banner” is played, everyone must stand up and remove his hat.
當(dāng)奏美國(guó)國(guó)歌時(shí)，大家都應(yīng)該起立并且脫帽。
6.to sit down : (to take a sitting position after standing)
【說(shuō)明：】to sit down(坐下)指從站著的姿勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)取坐下的姿勢(shì)而言。主人請(qǐng)客人坐下可以說(shuō) “Sit down” 或 “have a seat,” 或 “Take a seat,” 或 “Be seated.”
【例：】(1) After standing for so long, it was a pleasure to sit down and rest.
站得太久了，坐下來(lái)休息真是愉快。
(2) We sat down on the park bench and watched the people as they passed.
我們坐在公園的長(zhǎng)凳上，留心觀察著來(lái)往的行人。
7.all day long : (the entire day, continuously through the day)
【說(shuō)明：】all day long(整天，全日)為副詞片語(yǔ)，也可以用all the day long.指做某一件事，在一天中不會(huì)間斷。
【例：】(1) I have been working on this problem all day long.
我研究這問(wèn)題已經(jīng)有一整天了。
(2) She shopped all day long looking for a new dress.
她為了選購(gòu)一件新衣服，逛了一整天的商店。
8.by oneself : (alone)
【說(shuō)明：】by oneself(獨(dú)自，獨(dú)立)為副詞片語(yǔ)，oneself包括myself, yourself, himself等，為反身代名詞。
【例：】(1) John did the work by himself. No one helped him.
約翰獨(dú)自做這工作，沒(méi)有人幫他忙。
(2) She likes to walk by herself through the park.
她喜歡一個(gè)人在公園里散步。
9.on purpose : (purposely, intentionally)
【說(shuō)明：】on purpose(故意，蓄意，預(yù)謀)與of set purpose同意，通常放在句子的后面。
【例：】(1) It was no accident. She broke the dish on purpose.
這不并是意外的事，她是故意把碟子打破的。
(2) Do you think he made that mistake on purpose? www.rr365.com
他認(rèn)為他是故意弄錯(cuò)的嗎?
10.to get along : (to do, succeed, make progress)
【說(shuō)明：】to get along(進(jìn)行，成功，有進(jìn)展)指在某一種工作或?qū)W問(wèn)上有進(jìn)步與發(fā)展而言，后面用in。此外這個(gè)片語(yǔ)也有和好相處的意思，如He and she cannot get along with each other.(他和她兩人處不來(lái))，后面用with。
【例：】(1) John is getting along very well in his study of English.
約翰學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很有進(jìn)步。
(2) How is Mr. Holmes getting along in his new job?
賀爾姆斯先生的新工作做得怎樣?
11.to make no difference : (to be of equal importance)
【說(shuō)明：】to make no difference(沒(méi)有區(qū)別，沒(méi)有關(guān)系)于兩種不同的情形或事物，某人認(rèn)為沒(méi)有區(qū)別，無(wú)足輕重。用此成語(yǔ)時(shí)常以虛字it為其主詞，如上述二例句，后面用whether介紹的名詞子句則為真正主詞。至于二句中to me與to you 的to 亦可改用with.
【例：】 (1) When I asked him whether he wanted to go in the morning or in the afternoon, he said: “ It doesn’t make any difference to me.”
當(dāng)我問(wèn)他要早晨去還是下午去的時(shí)候，他說(shuō)“這對(duì)我沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系”。
(2) does it make any difference to you whether we have our lesson at two o’clock or at three o’clock?
我們?cè)趦牲c(diǎn)鐘上課或者在三點(diǎn)鐘上課，你覺(jué)得沒(méi)有關(guān)系嗎?
12.to take out : (to remove, extract)
【說(shuō)明：】to take out(取出，拔出)中的out是副詞，如果take的受詞是名詞，多半放在out的后面，如果受詞是代名詞則放在take與out之間。
【例：】(1) William took out his handkerchief and wiped his forehead.
威廉取出手帕擦擦他的前額。
(2) The thief suddenly took out a knife and attacked the policeman.
這個(gè)賊突然拔出一把小刀向警察襲擊。
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