八種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài),有的只要求達(dá)到理解層次,有的則要求達(dá)到熟練運(yùn)用層次。至少其中五種時(shí)態(tài)包括過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是要求達(dá)到熟練運(yùn)用層次的,而且其考查方式肯定不會(huì)以某一時(shí)態(tài)的獨(dú)立形式出現(xiàn),而是時(shí)態(tài)的綜合運(yùn)用,尤其要重視各種時(shí)態(tài)之間的區(qū)別。

找出它們之間的不同冠詞的用法.

現(xiàn)以冠詞為例:

1.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was lost just now.

A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the

2.There's ________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a

3.There is ___ 800-metre-long road behind ___ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the

4._______ good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a

5.________ bad weather!I hope it won't last long. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a

6._______ they are listening to the teacher!

A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully

由上例題我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)冠詞和感嘆句是必考內(nèi)容。同樣,象賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序、代詞的格、主謂語(yǔ)一致、動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配、近義詞的比較以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用等,無(wú)一不在考查之列。 所有這一切語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),我都將通過(guò)對(duì)典型試題的解題分析,展開(kāi)討論,分層展示難易對(duì)比,系統(tǒng)歸納。 對(duì)于語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是這樣處理,那么對(duì)以能力測(cè)試為主要目的的 其他試題形式又該怎么辦呢? 這里我們以一篇完形填空題為例:

A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lot of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an expensive hotel(旅館)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐館)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服務(wù)員)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7).

The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice(聲音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut?"

1.A.lent B.made C.paid D.gave

2.A.During B.Though C.When D.Because

3.A.for B.with C.on D.in 4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought

5.A.looked at B.watched C.saw D.found 6.A.look B.rest C.table cloth D.surprise

7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head 8.A.ask B.tell C.taught D.told

9.A.can't B.don't C.won't D.mustn't 10.A.friendly B.tired C.sad D.ter

要求考生從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案,使補(bǔ)足后的短文意思通順,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。對(duì)此,考生必須通篇考慮,不能拿來(lái)就做,那樣必然顧此失彼,前后意思不得連貫。目前的中考完型還側(cè)重于語(yǔ)法,這將在逐年試題的變革中轉(zhuǎn)向按上下文的要求來(lái)推斷理解。 #p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

在解這類題時(shí),必須掌握"詞感現(xiàn)象",注意學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分"干擾項(xiàng)"。所謂詞感,"the sense of word"是指一種對(duì)詞或詞群的感受能力。對(duì)詞的感受力強(qiáng),在解題時(shí)會(huì)較為容易地找到它與情景的關(guān)系。詞感并不僅僅指詞與詞之間的細(xì)微差異,也并不注重詞的搭配與組合,它較多地強(qiáng)調(diào)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~,以利于對(duì)情景作出合乎邏輯的判斷。同時(shí)也就把其它三個(gè)作為干擾項(xiàng)的選擇項(xiàng)排除掉了。最后復(fù)讀一篇全文,就會(huì)語(yǔ)感流暢,句意明確。

這兒舉例的目的是想說(shuō)明,我從一個(gè)較高的立意來(lái)對(duì)中考題型,特別是完形、閱讀等,進(jìn)行分析、探討,借以使同學(xué)們獲得較為完整的解題思路和解題方法。

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