來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2021-09-07 11:28:41
過去完成時
過去完成時的含義
表示在過去某個時間或某個動作之前發(fā)生的動作,表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成,其動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”,它的參照物是一般過去時。
過去完成時的標(biāo)志
(1)特定的時間狀語
①by+過去的時間點
He had finished reading the book by 10 o’clock yesterday.
到昨天10點前,他已經(jīng)讀完了這本書。
②by the end of + 過去的時間點
We had learned a lot of English songs by the end of last term.
到上學(xué)期末我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了很多英文歌曲。
③由by the time, before, when等引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,主從句的動作發(fā)生有先后,動作在前的用過去完成完成時。
By the time I went outside, they had already left.
當(dāng)我出去時。他們已經(jīng)離開了。
The train had already left when I got to the station.
我到達車站時火車已經(jīng)離開了。
(2)具體的語境(看動作是否發(fā)生在“過去的過去”)
①主句為一般過去時,且賓語從句的動作先于主句的動作發(fā)生時,從句要用過去完成時。
She said that she had seen the film before.
她說她以前已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。
②上下文語境
I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰見吉姆了。自從他去北京后,我們就再沒見過面。
經(jīng)典例題
例1. When she got to the station, the bus_______ the station for ten minutes.
has left B. had left
had been away from D. left
答案:C
例2. The meeting _______ by the time I got there yesterday.
was on B. has been on
had begun D. has begun
答案:C
例3. By the end of last month, I ________ all the CDs of Zhou Bichang.
collect B. collected
have collected D. had collected
答案:D
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