來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整合 2021-11-30 14:01:30
中考網(wǎng)整理了關(guān)于2022年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn):被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn),希望對(duì)同學(xué)們有所幫助,僅供參考。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)
A.熟記結(jié)構(gòu)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(p.p)”。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)be的時(shí)態(tài)變化來(lái)表示的,其人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持一致。其具體變化為:
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):am/is/are+p.p.
一般過(guò)去時(shí):was/were+p.p.
一般將來(lái)時(shí):shall /will be +p.p.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):have /has been +p.p.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am/is/are+being+p.p.
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí):should /would be +p.p.
含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+p.p.例如:
、 Chinese ______ by the largest number of people.
A.speak
B.is speaking
C.speaks
D.is spoken
。á The boy ______ to get supper ready after school.
A.were told
B.is telling
C.was told
D.tells
③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China.
A.must
B.must be
C.has
D.have
B.明確用法
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常用于以下兩種情況:
1.不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;
2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。例如:
這棵樹(shù)是那個(gè)男孩弄斷的。
The tree ______ ______ by that boy.
C.熟練轉(zhuǎn)換
1.將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本方法為:
、賹⒅鲃(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ);
、谥^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)?ldquo;be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”,并通過(guò)be的變化來(lái)表達(dá)出不同的時(shí)態(tài);
、壑鲃(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ),組成介詞短語(yǔ)放在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。(有時(shí)by短語(yǔ)可以省略)。
2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)句是將一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前;否定句是在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后加not;特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋阂蓡?wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。例如:
① You must throw the broken pottery away at once.
The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once.(同義句)
。á Where did they grow vegetables?(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Where ______ vegetables ______ ?
D.注意特例
將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意幾個(gè)特殊情況:
1.含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),有兩種方法:
、賹㈤g接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ)保持不變;
②將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),間接賓語(yǔ)用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。例如:
、 He told us a story.(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
→We were told a story(by him).或:A story was told to us by him.
、 Her mother gave her a new pen.(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother.
2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),要將短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視為一個(gè)整體,其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。例如:
、 This dictionary mustn t ______ from the library.
A.take away
B.taken away
C.a(chǎn)re taken away
D.be taken away
、 She will take good care of the children.(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (by her).
歡迎使用手機(jī)、平板等移動(dòng)設(shè)備訪問(wèn)中考網(wǎng),2024中考一路陪伴同行!>>點(diǎn)擊查看