閱讀理解題解題技巧

（一）A篇文章解題步驟：

先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)

快速瀏覽表格，尋找題目相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)

通過計(jì)算、排除或推理敲定答案

（二）B、C、D篇文章解題步驟

快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌

認(rèn)真閱讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)

細(xì)讀原文，捕捉題目相關(guān)信息詞

通過排除、推理、對(duì)比初選答案

跳讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對(duì)答案

1.主旨大意題：段落大意，文章主旨，標(biāo)題概括

解題技巧1：找主題句，鎖定文章主旨

（1）主題句在開頭

【例1：2019年C篇】

Playing video games and getting money for it seems like a dream job for many of today’s teenagers. But is it all fun and games?

71. What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Pro gaming isn't all fun and games

B. The career as a pro gamer doesn't last long

C. Being a pro gamer is a good choice for teenagers.

D. Being a pro gamer is an easy way to make money.

答案是A

（2）主題句在結(jié)尾

【例2：2018年C篇】

Dolphins and humans are similar in another way: both species make plans for getting things they want.

71. What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Dolphins can communicate with each other at birth.

B. Dolphins are social animals because they play together.

C. Dolphins are smart and are like humans in some ways.

D. Dolphins help humans do many things like catching fish.

答案是C

（3）主題句在中間或無明顯主題句

有些文章或段落無明顯的主題句, 只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題. 這就要求同學(xué)們在閱讀過程中根據(jù)文中所敘述的事實(shí) 或提供的線索來概括總結(jié)主旨大意。

解題技巧2：抓住段落大意，概括中心思想

【例3：2018江西中考D】

Today, local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the message about the importance of clean hands. The hope is that handwashing becomes a necessary part of people’s lives and improves the health of millions around the world.

74. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Washing hands with soap is good for public health.

B.Washing hands with soap doesn’t become part of people’s lives.

C.People are holding many different events to fight against diseases.

D. People all over the world are encouraged to wash hands with soap.

答案是D

解題技巧3：抓住主線、關(guān)鍵和高頻詞，概括文章內(nèi)容

【例4：2018年D篇】

75. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Learning to Use Soap.

B. Fighting Against Diseases.

C. Living a Healthy Life.

D. Changing Your Habits.

答案是A

解題技巧4：根據(jù)文末畫龍點(diǎn)睛之筆，給文章起標(biāo)題

【例5：2019年D篇】

How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar?

“Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it' s in the mind.”

75. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. How Sonar Works.

B. Riding a Bike Using Sonar.

C. Seeing with the Mind.

D. How the Blind Move Around.

答案是C

解題技巧小結(jié)：

做主旨大意題或段落大意題時(shí)，要綜合概括文本，重點(diǎn)注意閱讀每篇文章的最前部分和最后部分，或該段的最前部分，因?yàn)槲恼碌那懊嫱�往是總領(lǐng)全文，而文章的最后是全文的總結(jié)， 另外還要通篇考慮全文或全段，切忌以偏概全，夸大主題或把觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加給作者。

有時(shí)還可以給文章取一個(gè)詼諧幽默的標(biāo)題，起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。

2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題：是非判斷，數(shù)字計(jì)算，排列順序

解題技巧：

(1)細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案。

(2)變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案。

(3)多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案。

【例6：2019江西中考 D】

How does sonar work?

“When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. These waves reflect(反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then processes the sounds into images(圖像). It’s like having a conversation with the environment.”

73. How does sonar work? Choose the right order.

a. The sound waves reflect off surfaces.

b. The person makes a clicking sound.

c. The brain makes images with the sounds.

d. The sound waves reach the person’s ears.

A. b-a-c-d. B. b-d-a-c.

C. a-b-d-c. D. b-a-d-c.

答案是D

解題技巧小結(jié)：

注意閱讀關(guān)鍵句、對(duì)應(yīng)句，細(xì)心查讀，善于區(qū)分，注意排除，做到準(zhǔn)確。

3.推理判斷題

【例7：2019江西中考B】

So one night, I was walking around the cowshed with a torch(手電筒), and that day, the lions didn’t come. And I discovered that lions were afraid of a moving light. So I had an idea...

66. What’s the solution to driving the lion away?

A. Using a moving light.

B. Using a torch.

C.Using a scarecrow.

D. Using fire.

答案選A

【例8：2017年C篇】

In the future, we can imagine our houses will use calm technology to open the curtains for us in the morning, to tum down the heat when we leave, or even to choose the best music for our mood

71. What can we infer from the passage?

A. The light won't go on unless we touch the sensor.

B. Calm technology will make our life more convenient.

C. People will depend more on smart phones in the future.

D. People won't have to work because of calm technology.

答案選B

解題技巧小結(jié)：

要理解文章內(nèi)容，以原文為依據(jù)。文中沒有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能選;文章中沒有提及不能選;純屬主觀臆斷不能選;是文章中的直接內(nèi)容，不是根據(jù)推理得出的不能選。符合常識(shí)，但是不是文章所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不能選。與文章內(nèi)容相反的不能選。要跳出文章做推斷，小心絕對(duì)選項(xiàng)。

4.代詞指代題

【例9：2019江西中考B】

And a second idea I got was to use a scarecrow(稻草人). I was trying to trick the lions into thinking that I was standing near the cowshed. But lions are very clever. They will come the first day and they see the scarecrow, and they go back. But the second day, they’ll come and they say, this thing is not moving here, it is always here! So he jumps in and kills the animals.

65. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The lion.

B. The scarecrow.

C. The cow.

D. The cowshed.

答案選B

【例10：2020江西中考模擬C篇】

The researchers used special lights to activate(激活)the neurons that control hunger in mice's brains. They want to see how the neurons influenced mice's understanding of taste when they are hungry.

What does the underlined word “They” refer to?

A. The special lights.

B. The researchers.

C. The mice

D. The neurons

答案選B

解題技巧小結(jié)：

(1)注意分析前后文，明白指代的是人還是物，特別注意前面的名詞或動(dòng)名詞。(2)注意指代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，或單復(fù)數(shù)。(3)明確指代范圍，搞清文章邏輯關(guān)系和前后聯(lián)系。

5.詞義猜測題

【例11：2019江西中考C】

Big business

Pro(professional) gaming is certainly big business. In 2017, there were more than 3，000 gaming competitions and over 10，000 professional players worldwide. A large number of people watch their competitions online, and successful gamers can get more than 1，000，000 dollars from prize money and ads. The industry is clearly thriving.

69. What does the underlined word “thriving” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Getting worse.

B. Doing well.

C. Developing slowly.

D. Changing quickly.

答案是B

解題技巧小結(jié)：

(1)利用上下文語境。(2)利用定義或解釋性線索。(3)利用文章的邏輯關(guān)系。4利用構(gòu)詞法。

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